Solution - Long subtraction
438
Step-by-step explanation
1. Rewrite the numbers from top to bottom, aligned by their place values
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 6 | 2 | 1 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 3 |
2. Subtract the numbers using long subtraction method
Because the upper digit (1) in the ones column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (2) in the next number place which becomes (1) and get (11).
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 1 | 11 | ||
| 6 | 2 | 1 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 3 |
Subtract the numbers in the ones column from the top number:
11-3=8
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 1 | 11 | ||
| 6 | 2 | 1 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 3 |
| 8 |
Because the upper digit (1) in the tens column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (6) in the next number place which becomes (5) and get (11).
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 5 | 11 | ||
| 1 | 11 | ||
| 6 | 2 | 1 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 3 |
| 8 |
Subtract the numbers in the tens column from the top number:
11-8=3
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 5 | 11 | ||
| 1 | 11 | ||
| 6 | 2 | 1 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 3 |
| 3 | 8 |
Subtract the numbers in the hundreds column from the top number:
5-1=4
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 5 | 11 | ||
| 1 | 11 | ||
| 6 | 2 | 1 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 3 |
| 4 | 3 | 8 |
The solution is: 438
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