Solution - Long subtraction
Step-by-step explanation
1. Rewrite the numbers from top to bottom, aligned by their place values
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
2. Subtract the numbers using long subtraction method
Subtract the numbers in the ones column from the top number:
2-1=1
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 1 |
Because the upper digit (1) in the tens column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (6) in the next number place which becomes (5) and get (11).
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 5 | 11 | |||||
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the tens column from the top number:
11-7=4
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 5 | 11 | |||||
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 4 | 1 |
Because the upper digit (5) in the hundreds column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (8) in the next number place which becomes (7) and get (15).
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 7 | 15 | |||||
| 5 | 11 | |||||
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 4 | 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the hundreds column from the top number:
15-9=6
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 7 | 15 | |||||
| 5 | 11 | |||||
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 6 | 4 | 1 |
Because the upper digit (7) in the thousands column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the number to the left (50) which becomes (49) and get (17).
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 4 | 9 | 17 | ||||
| 7 | 15 | |||||
| 5 | 11 | |||||
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 6 | 4 | 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the thousands column from the top number:
17-9=8
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 4 | 9 | 17 | ||||
| 7 | 15 | |||||
| 5 | 11 | |||||
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 8 | 6 | 4 | 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the ten thousands column from the top number:
9-1=8
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 4 | 9 | 17 | ||||
| 7 | 15 | |||||
| 5 | 11 | |||||
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the hundred thousands column from the top number:
4-4=0
| Place value | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 4 | 9 | 17 | ||||
| 7 | 15 | |||||
| 5 | 11 | |||||
| 5 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | |
| - | 4 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 |
| 0 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 1 |
The solution is: 88,641
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