Solution - Long subtraction
Step-by-step explanation
1. Rewrite the numbers from top to bottom, aligned by their place values
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
2. Subtract the numbers using long subtraction method
Subtract the numbers in the ones column from the top number:
5-4=1
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 1 |
Because the upper digit (0) in the tens column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (4) in the next number place which becomes (3) and get (10).
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the tens column from the top number:
10-8=2
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 2 | 1 |
Because the upper digit (3) in the hundreds column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (1) in the next number place which becomes (0) and get (13).
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 2 | 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the hundreds column from the top number:
13-7=6
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 6 | 2 | 1 |
Because the upper digit (0) in the thousands column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (2) in the next number place which becomes (1) and get (10).
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 6 | 2 | 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the thousands column from the top number:
10-9=1
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Because the upper digit (1) in the ten thousands column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (3) in the next number place which becomes (2) and get (11).
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 2 | 11 | ||||||||
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the ten thousands column from the top number:
11-4=7
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 2 | 11 | ||||||||
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 7 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Because the upper digit (2) in the hundred thousands column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the digit (8) in the next number place which becomes (7) and get (12).
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 7 | 12 | ||||||||
| 2 | 11 | ||||||||
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 7 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Subtract the numbers in the hundred thousands column from the top number:
12-4=8
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 7 | 12 | ||||||||
| 2 | 11 | ||||||||
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 8 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Write 7 in the millions place.
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 7 | 12 | ||||||||
| 2 | 11 | ||||||||
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 7 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Write 2 in the ten millions place.
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 7 | 12 | ||||||||
| 2 | 11 | ||||||||
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 2 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Write 2 in the hundred millions place.
| Place value | hundred millions | ten millions | millions | hundred thousands | ten thousands | thousands | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 7 | 12 | ||||||||
| 2 | 11 | ||||||||
| 1 | 10 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | ||||||||
| 3 | 10 | ||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | |||
| 2 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
The solution is: 227,871,621
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