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Solution - Least common multiple (LCM) by prime factorization

20,196
20,196

Step-by-step explanation

1. Find the prime factors of 54

Tree view of the prime factors of 54: 2, 3, 3 and 3

The prime factors of 54 are 2, 3, 3 and 3.

2. Find the prime factors of 44

Tree view of the prime factors of 44: 2, 2 and 11

The prime factors of 44 are 2, 2 and 11.

3. Find the prime factors of 68

Tree view of the prime factors of 68: 2, 2 and 17

The prime factors of 68 are 2, 2 and 17.

4. Find the prime factors of 102

Tree view of the prime factors of 102: 2, 3 and 17

The prime factors of 102 are 2, 3 and 17.

5. Build a prime factors table

Determine the maximum number of times each prime factor (2, 3, 11, 17) occurs in the factorization of the given numbers:

Prime factorNumber54 44 68 102 Max. occurrence
212212
330013
1101001
1700111

The prime factors 11 and 17 occur one time, while 2 and 3 occur more than once.

6. Calculate the LCM

The least common multiple is the product of all factors in the greatest number of their occurrence.

LCM = 223331117

LCM = 22331117

LCM = 20,196

The least common multiple of 54, 44, 68 and 102 is 20,196.

Why learn this

The least common multiple (LCM), sometimes called the lowest common multiple or least common divisor, is helpful for understanding the relationships between numbers. For example, if it takes Earth 365 days to orbit the sun and it takes Venus 225 days to orbit the sun and both are in perfect alignment at the time this scenario is given, how long will it take for Earth and Venus to align again? We can use LCM to determine that the answer would be 16,425 days.

LCM is also a very important part of many mathematical concepts that also have real-world applications. For example, we use LCMs when adding and subtracting fractions, which we use quite frequently.