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Solution - Absolute value equations

Exact form: x=-12,-54
x=-\frac{1}{2} , -\frac{5}{4}
Mixed number form: x=-12,-114
x=-\frac{1}{2} , -1\frac{1}{4}
Decimal form: x=0.5,1.25
x=-0.5 , -1.25

Other Ways to Solve

Absolute value equations

Step-by-step explanation

1. Rewrite the equation without absolute value bars

Use the rules:
|x|=|y|x=±y and |x|=|y|±x=y
to write all four options of the equation
|x+1|=|5x+4|
without the absolute value bars:

|x|=|y||x+1|=|5x+4|
x=+y(x+1)=(5x+4)
x=y(x+1)=(5x+4)
+x=y(x+1)=(5x+4)
x=y(x+1)=(5x+4)

When simplified, equations x=+y and +x=y are the same and equations x=y and x=y are the same, so we end up with only 2 equations:

|x|=|y||x+1|=|5x+4|
x=+y , +x=y(x+1)=(5x+4)
x=y , x=y(x+1)=(5x+4)

2. Solve the two equations for x

13 additional steps

(-x+1)=(5x+4)

Subtract from both sides:

(-x+1)-5x=(5x+4)-5x

Group like terms:

(-x-5x)+1=(5x+4)-5x

Simplify the arithmetic:

-6x+1=(5x+4)-5x

Group like terms:

-6x+1=(5x-5x)+4

Simplify the arithmetic:

6x+1=4

Subtract from both sides:

(-6x+1)-1=4-1

Simplify the arithmetic:

6x=41

Simplify the arithmetic:

6x=3

Divide both sides by :

(-6x)-6=3-6

Cancel out the negatives:

6x6=3-6

Simplify the fraction:

x=3-6

Move the negative sign from the denominator to the numerator:

x=-36

Find the greatest common factor of the numerator and denominator:

x=(-1·3)(2·3)

Factor out and cancel the greatest common factor:

x=-12

10 additional steps

(-x+1)=-(5x+4)

Expand the parentheses:

(-x+1)=-5x-4

Add to both sides:

(-x+1)+5x=(-5x-4)+5x

Group like terms:

(-x+5x)+1=(-5x-4)+5x

Simplify the arithmetic:

4x+1=(-5x-4)+5x

Group like terms:

4x+1=(-5x+5x)-4

Simplify the arithmetic:

4x+1=4

Subtract from both sides:

(4x+1)-1=-4-1

Simplify the arithmetic:

4x=41

Simplify the arithmetic:

4x=5

Divide both sides by :

(4x)4=-54

Simplify the fraction:

x=-54

3. List the solutions

x=-12,-54
(2 solution(s))

4. Graph

Each line represents the function of one side of the equation:
y=|x+1|
y=|5x+4|
The equation is true where the two lines cross.

Why learn this

We encounter absolute values almost daily. For example: If you walk 3 miles to school, do you also walk minus 3 miles when you go back home? The answer is no because distances use absolute value. The absolute value of the distance between home and school is 3 miles, there or back.
In short, absolute values help us deal with concepts like distance, ranges of possible values, and deviation from a set value.